Micro-contamination is a significant concern in semiconductor processing because even small levels of contamination can have a significant impact on the performance and reliability of the final devices. Micro-contamination refers to the presence of very small particles or chemicals that can affect the purity of the materials used in semiconductor processing.

Contaminants can come from a variety of sources, including the air, water, chemicals, and equipment used in the manufacturing process. The presence of these contaminants can result in defects or failures in the final devices, which can lead to reduced yields, lower quality, and higher costs.

There are several ways in which micro-contamination can be controlled and minimized in semiconductor processing. One of the most important methods is to maintain a cleanroom environment, which is designed to minimize the presence of particles and other contaminants in the air. Cleanrooms are equipped with specialized air filtration systems and require strict protocols for employee attire, cleaning, and handling of materials.

In addition to maintaining a cleanroom environment, semiconductor manufacturers also use specialized equipment and processes to minimize the risk of contamination. For example, some equipment is designed to operate in a vacuum to reduce the presence of particles, while others use specialized cleaning processes to remove contaminants from surfaces.